Numerous terms in the English lexicon conclude with the suffix “-en.” These range from common verbs like “happen,” “listen,” and “strengthen” to adjectives such as “wooden,” “golden,” and “broken,” and even nouns like “chicken,” “oxen,” and “children.” The variety demonstrates the suffix’s diverse roles in word formation.
This suffix often signifies the past participle form of a verb, indicating a completed action or a passive state. It can also transform nouns into adjectives, conveying material composition or resemblance. Historically, the “-en” suffix derives from Old English and retains connections to Germanic roots. Understanding its function provides valuable insights into etymology and vocabulary development. This morphological element contributes significantly to the richness and flexibility of the English language.
